Managing diabetes in the aftermath of a hurricane

HURRICANE BERYL has left many individuals facing numerous challenges, especially those managing chronic conditions like diabetes. Effective diabetes management becomes even more crucial in such times to prevent complications.

Here are some practical tips and considerations for managing diabetes in the aftermath of a storm:

MEDICATION COMPLIANCE AND ACCESS

Post-storm conditions, including flooding, utility shortages, transportation challenges, and other limitations, can significantly hinder access to food, medication, and supplies critical for managing diabetes. Even though most pharmacies are reopening, try to verify their status before visiting. Contact or check the pharmacy’s social media pages or website for updated information on hours and availability. Stress and disruption can lead to forgetting medication schedules. If unsure, do not hesitate to call your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

INSULIN STORAGE

Many persons with diabetes are on insulin, and proper storage is essential to maintain its effectiveness and safety. Ideally, insulin should be stored in a refrigerator at temperatures between 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C). However, many persons are still facing power outages and this may not be feasible. So here is some additional information:

• Room temperature: Insulin remains effective at room temperature (59°F to 86°F) for up to 28 days, except for insulin that has been diluted or removed from its original vial (this should be discarded within two weeks).

• Insulated bags: In hot temperatures, use an insulated bag or lunch box with an ice pack, bag of ice, or frozen food. Ensure the insulin does not come into direct contact with frozen materials to avoid freezing. Do not use insulin that has been frozen, as it loses its effectiveness.

• Expiration date: Always check the expiration date. If unsure about the insulin’s viability or storage, contact a pharmacist or healthcare provider.

FOOT CARE AND INJURY PREVENTION

Foot care is paramount for individuals with diabetes, especially after a storm when the risk of injury is higher. Individuals with diabetes, particularly those with uncontrolled blood sugar levels, experience delayed wound-healing. A seemingly minor injury such as a scrape can lead to serious complications, including infections, amputations, or even death. Here are some tips to prevent injuries:

• Avoid flood waters: They may contain hazardous objects and contaminants.

• Wear protective clothing and shoes: During clean-up, sturdy shoes and protective clothing can help prevent cuts and bruises.

• Use safety gear for tools: When using power tools, wear protective goggles to prevent eye injuries, as eye protection is often overlooked.

• Do not go barefoot even indoors

Regular foot inspections are crucial. Individuals with diabetes may have reduced sensations in their feet and may not feel or recognise injuries.

• Inspect daily: Look for cuts, blisters, or any signs of injury. Check between toes and use a mirror to see bottom of your feet.

• Seek medical attention: Do not delay seeking help for any injuries, no matter how minor they seem.

MENTAL HEALTH AND STRESS MANAGEMENT

The stress of a storm and its aftermath can take a toll on mental health, leading to anxiety, concerns about family, finances, and loss of property. These stressors can worsen blood sugar levels, making diabetes management more challenging. It is normal to feel overwhelmed during this time. Allow yourself to acknowledge your feelings without judgement. It is also important to try to stick to your usual schedule or routine as much as possible. Talk to or seek support from friends, family, or professional counsellors, and practise stress-reduction techniques such as deep breathing or meditation.

MONITORING BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS

Stress and irregular eating can affect blood sugar levels, necessitating more frequent testing than normal during this time, especially if you take insulin to manage your diabetes. Fluctuations are to be expected in an emergency situation, so do not be too hard on yourself if your numbers are slightly off. Drinking adequate water can help combat dehydration, which can negatively affect your blood sugar levels, how your medications work and your overall health.

ADDITIONAL TIPS:

• Stay hydrated and maintain a balanced diet: Managing hydration and nutrition can be challenging when food and water supplies are disrupted. Focus on foods that help stabilise blood sugar levels and prioritise safe water sources.

• Keep meals simple and balanced: Aim for meals that include a combination of protein, healthy fats, and complex carbohydrates to maintain blood sugar stability. For example, a simple meal could be a can of tuna with whole-grain crackers and a piece of fruit.

• Non-perishable items: During disruptions, stocking up on non-perishable items such as canned vegetables (for example, green beans, corn, tomatoes), canned or dried fruits, and protein sources like sardines, tuna, chickpeas, and black beans can provide essential sustenance. Be cautious of salt content in canned items; choose low-sodium or no-salt-added varieties or rinse them with water before use.

• Healthy snack ideas: Consider mixed nuts with dried fruit, peanut butter on whole-grain bread with fruit, or bean salads for nutritious snacks.

• Safe drinking water: Ensure you have access to safe drinking water. Use bottled water where necessary, or follow recommendations from authorities like the Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management, which advises boiling all drinking water until informed otherwise.

• Know local resources: Local support groups and organisations like the Diabetes Association of Jamaica (876-927-6774) can provide additional assistance and information tailored to managing diabetes during emergencies.

keisha.hill@gleanerjm.comSOURCE: Dr Rivane Chybar Virgo also contributed to this article