Letter of the Day | Addressing psychology of long-term unemployment

THE EDITOR, Madam:

I am writing to highlight the issue of the mental health impact of long-term unemployment in Jamaica, a challenge that not only affects individuals but ripples through families, communities, and the broader economy. Recent statistics reveal that as of 2023, Jamaica’s unemployment rate hovers around 7.9 per cent, with long-term unemployment (defined as 27 weeks or more) accounting for approximately 54 per cent of the jobless population. But these figures often fail to account for those who have been unemployed for extended periods, leaving many trapped in a cycle of despair and hopelessness. This troubling trend merits urgent attention and action.

Research indicates that individuals facing long-term unemployment are at a heightened risk of developing mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, which can lead to devastating consequences. Many find their sense of purpose and self-worth closely tied to their employment status. The American Psychological Association highlights that chronic joblessness leads to feelings of inadequacy and despair, disproportionate to their skills and potential. This frame of mind can lead to a vicious cycle – low self-esteem discourages job seeking, resulting in even more extended periods without employment.

Families also bear the burden of long-term unemployment. Financial strain can create tension, conflict, and even domestic violence, fundamentally altering family dynamics. Children in such households witness the struggles of their parents and may internalize feelings of hopelessness regarding their own futures. For example, a family suddenly deprived of a breadwinner may face housing instability, food insecurity, and relational challenges, which can perpetuate a cycle of stress and mental health decline. A recent study conducted by the Caribbean Statistical Institute found that children from families facing prolonged unemployment are 30 per cent more likely to experience behavioural issues in school – issues that can hinder their educational opportunities and future employability.

High unemployment rates contribute to social instability. Inner-city communities may see rising crime rates and reduced community unity. A vivid reflection of this can be seen in communities within Kingston, where unemployment has contributed to increased violence and reduced public safety. The resulting disenfranchisement fosters an environment where illicit activities can thrive, further entrenching poverty and unemployment.

The economic implications are equally bleak. The World Bank estimates that long-term unemployment costs Jamaica billions in lost productivity and economic potential. A decrease in consumer spending due to long-term unemployment stabs at economic growth; when individuals are unable to provide for their families, entire communities can suffer from reduced demand for goods and services. When large segments of the population are disengaged from the workforce, the nation’s GDP suffers, limiting available resources for public services such as education and healthcare – all of which are critical to breaking the cycle of unemployment.

To tackle this multifaceted issue, it is essential to implement a series of practical, evidence-based recommendations. First, accessible mental health support and job readiness training programmes should be made available to those affected by long-term unemployment. By easing the psychological burden and providing skills training, individuals can regain their confidence and improve their employability. Second, policymakers must consider developing community-driven initiatives that promote local entrepreneurship. Providing microloans and resources for small businesses could stimulate job growth and encourage self-sufficiency, particularly in areas with high unemployment. Lastly, fostering stronger partnerships between the private sector and educational institutions ensures that the workforce is equipped with the necessary skills aligned with the evolving job market. Vocational training and apprenticeships can inform students of viable career paths, bridging the gap between education and employment.

Our collective responsibility is to uplift individuals, families, and communities facing these challenges.

MONIQUE LYNCH

monique.lynch@uwimona.

edu.jm